Urban Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Urban Sociology - Essay Example Simultaneously, the nature and potential reasons for the urban sociological issues that happen in Africa will be talked about followed by inspecting the seriousness of continually expanding populace issue and its contact with the neighborhood, territorial, national and worldwide economy. Before the end, prescribed ways on the most proficient method to battle the populace development issue will be handled. Contemplating the Africa’s socioeconomics is considered as one of the most dubious case during the twentieth century in light of the fast development of the African populace just as its urbanization advancement. (Zuberi et al., 2003) Divided in five significant districts known as the North Africa, West Africa, Central Africa, East Africa, and Southern Africa (Think Quest, 2008c), the nation is special as in it is made out of in excess of 50 different nations with a huge number of various ethnic gatherings, for example, the Arabs, Ashanti, Bantu, Berbers, Bushmen, Dinka, Fulani, Ganda, Hamites, Hausa, Hottentot, Kikuyu, Luba, Lunda, Malinke, Moors, Nuer, Pygmies, Semites, Swahili, Tuareg, Xhosa, and Yoruba beside those that are less known by the neighborhood individuals. (Think Quest, 2008b) (See Table I †Complete List of African Countries, Population, and Internet Users on page ) Africa has an immense populace with around 955.206,342 starting at 2008. (Web Worlds Stats, 2008) Despite the exorbitant high number of inhibitants, Africa is likewise considered as one of the quickest urban creating nation. Starting at 2008, around 33% of the complete African populace lives and work in the urban communities. (Think Quest, 2008b) Because of quick paced urbanization and a superior monetary base in the nation, the quantity of birth and passing rates has declined throughout the years. Beside having the open door for a higher instructive, the advantages of driving a vehicle, and an entrance to around the world

Advertising Is Legalised Form of Lying Essays

Promoting Is Legalized Form of Lying Essays Promoting Is Legalized Form of Lying Essay Promoting Is Legalized Form of Lying Essay Exposition Topic: A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings Non Controversial Push Precious Publicizing, as a rule, is the advancement of products, administrations, organizations and thoughts, generally performed by a recognized support. Advertisers consider publicizing to be a piece of a general limited time technique. Different segments of the limited time blend incorporate exposure, advertising, individual selling, and deals advancement. Publicizing includes the procedure where in a back rub is structured in order to advance an item, an idea, a thought or even a help. The idea of publicizing has expected a unique structure with the utilization of the different modes of correspondence. From the paper, magazines, banners, neon and fluorescent billboards, boards to the business on TV, laser shows to swelled skyscraper figures and items, promoting has made considerable progress. The work is considerable as it initiates a procedure expected to pull in, alter, change and impacts general sentiment. Present day promoting truly started in the century. World War II had shown Americans bounty purposeful publicity and new advancements had ejected, offering both expanded creation and more approaches to proliferate a media message. They joined to make the cutting edge advertisement. Notwithstanding expressing the realities some place in the fine print, sponsors started to bind their advertisements with thoughts intended to engage the faculties of the peruser, just as the more profound, progressively enthusiastic personal circumstances of affection, sex, tension, dread, alert, aspiration, jealousy, guilty pleasure and particularly vanity. What's more, to find which offer would work best, sponsors started to grow more and better research strategies and follow up on the outcomes. Sometime in the future, theyd call it target promoting, however for the present, they were content with having the option to choose the correct message to transmit and afterward point it at the correct beneficiary in the market. What sounds evident currently was in certainty not perceived in the nineteenth century. Promoting was a print medium from the start, and basically adhered to the fundamental standards of propriety and verifiable announcing of the news-casting of the day. In this way, a Sears And Roebuck list from the nineteenth century offered Underwear For Fat Men with a line drawing a powerful, more established individual with a widened midsection taking a stab at a couple of longjohns (Sears Roebuck, 1879, p. 6). Notwithstanding such clear publicizing, there were rules which constrained the viability of print promoting as a visual medium in numerous settings. Promotions were kept in the back in the mid nineteenth century, and just moved across to the front of magazines and papers during the 1890s. Line drawings and other work of art was presented, yet the duplicate remained moderately grave and direct. Print promoting today is far various. Mind blowing designs, manipulative duplicate and embeds, [emailprotected] (advertisements masked as articles) and coupons make up the main part of paper and magazine promoting. Obviously, the old style of print promotions stay too. There are as yet characterized advertisements in the rear of almost every magazine, and line drawings effortlessness the promotions in numerous papers. No one sells Aunderwear for fat [emailprotected] any more however. Bills, or releases, are likewise still basic during the 1990s. Most urban focuses have tremendous segments of dividers and open space taken over by many columns of bills, immense print advertisements. In nowadays of media immersion, it isn't unexpected to see numerous layers of announcements on a divider or on a building site. Announcements were begun during the 1890s also. ARagged charges selling everything from Tutts Pills and St. Jacob=s Oil to Battle Ax Plug, Hood=s Sasparilla, and Official Five Cent Cigars vacillated from each fence, light post and check. (Starr and Hayman, p. 25). In the two centuries, announcements are regularly [emailprotected] or posted up without the consent of land owners. The last type of open air promoting is the bulletin or show. Presentations are three-dimensional, tremendous mockups of items or occasions. The main announcements were painted notices, for all time covering the side of a structure and frequently distinguishing the organizations inside. Afterward, around the finish of the nineteenth century when most significant urban areas had power to save, these announcements were lit with the goal that they would be obvious around evening time. It wasn=t well before the [emailprotected] was conceived. Spectaculars are splendid, lit boards made of numerous bulbs (the trademark or logo is frequently illuminated in light) which regularly contains some three-dimensional components. The principal spectaculars appeared toward the finish of the nineteenth century, alongside the primary lit marquees. Toward the finish of the twentieth century, spectaculars have gotten significantly progressively significant, turning out to be milestones in places like New York City and Las Vegas. Be that as it may, outside of the milestone status of certain spectaculars, open air promoting is constrained. The biggest contrasts between the promoting of the 1890s and the 1990s are the sheer number of media accessible and what can be known as the way of life of Acool. @ The 1990s has radio, TV, promotions before movies and tapes, Internet publicizing of different sorts (email [emailprotected] pennant advertisements), post office based mail promoting, airships and cropdusters to add to the arms stockpile of open air ad and concentrated objective showcasing. More significant than the accessible media is the net impact of promoting. Publicizing is currently totalizing, both the predominant culture and counterculture are spoke to. Rather than basically declaring the presence of an item, publicizing attempts to make a culture of utilization for everybody. Advertisings pictures of utilization developed from fake guarantees of a superior life for white, family units to the hip-based brand of item cool that despite everything exists today. (Forthcoming, 1997). Everything from youth insubordination to counter-domineering brutality to law breaking has been commodified. Promoting today apparently urges individuals to disrupt the norms, to advise the world to Akiss [emailprotected] and to be a person. Underneath this surface defiance however, individuals are prepared to purchase, to attach their feelings to utilization, and in the end, to dispose of the old with disillusionment and grasp the new, so as to revolt once more. The best contrast between the promoting of the 1890s and the 1990s is that as opposed to purchasing clothing, one purchases the sentiment of being cool. This paper is intended to clarify a few ideas of publicizing in cortese s Provocateur. Three fundamental ideas I will clarify, just as show instances of, are Body Clowning, Body Chopping and Subconscious Seduction. These three ideas are generally utilized in the promotion business today. I will give and alluding to certain notices, out of magazines, to show these techniques. This should additionally help the comprehension of the material being secured. The main technique promoting I will examine is Body Clowning. Body Clowning is a method used to show a cheerful or engaging side of the current item. In this sort of promoting there are normally a man and a lady. The man is being depicted as incredible, secure and alluring. Regardless of whether they are wearing close to nothing the men are as yet looking amazing and keen. While the men are being depicted as the higher force in the promotion, the lady are acting perky and are demonstrated to be practically immature. Some portray them as acting like jokesters, henceforth the name Body Clowning. Since we are in the 1990 s we have begun to change the job of this. The lady is the more genuine one, {as in advertisement #1}, and the person is acting progressively energetic. This promotion shows a man in a football uniform bouncing around while the lady is holding a cake and having great stance and acting unimaginably genteel. In spite of the fact that I was unable to discover any commercials on the conventional and increasingly famous jobs of this theme, there are many out there. This sort of promoting, on the off chance that it is done effectively, can be unimaginably full of feeling. Body Chopping is another promoting idea that is inconceivably viable in the cutting edge publicizing business. This method is utilized in a great deal of apparel, cologne/scent promotions and make-up advertisements. Body Chopping is the point at which a specific piece of the body is shot and appeared in the ad. This technique should concentrate on the provocative side in the human body. It is regularly said by pundits that it is corrupting to ladies since it causes it to appear that a lady s body is a higher priority than her psyche. This is essentially utilized with lady yet it is likewise utilized with men each now and again. You would t be able to try and flip through a magazine without seeing this technique. This is adequately appeared in promotion number 2. As should be obvious, the face is the main piece of the body being appeared in this advertisement for Revlon. It shows the attractive, full and sumptuous lips of a lady. This should cause women to feel that on the off chance that they utilized this brand of make-up than their lips will look on a par with the lady s in the advertisement. In advertisement number 3 you can see that the people tongue is in center. This promotion is for the treats Spree. The expression at the base of the page peruses It s a kick in the mouth. Presently this clearly is stating that this treats will cause your mouth to feel excellent just as taste astounding however will it truly have an aftertaste like that? You will never know until you attempt it. This entire purpose of the advertisement is to cause you need the treats and cause you to feel like you need to go out the present moment and get it. This is made conceivable by the nearby perspective on the tongue. That is the reason the strategy for

How to Know if You Need Marriage Counseling

How to Know if You Need Marriage Counseling Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems Print When Your Marriage Needs Counseling By Sheri Stritof Sheri Stritof has written about marriage and relationships for 20 years. Shes the co-author of The Everything Great Marriage Book. Learn about our editorial policy Sheri Stritof Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on February 01, 2020 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD Updated on February 05, 2020 Spiderplay / Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse If your marriage is having problems, do not wait too long to seek professional help. Marriage counseling (also called couples therapy) can be very effective, especially if couples seek it out sooner rather than later. Start by finding a counselor  who specializes in marriage or couples therapy. They are out there and willing to help. You may have to meet with more than one to find the right fit. Its important that both spouses feel comfortable with the therapist, so keep trying until you find the right person. The Best Online Marriage Counseling Programs Do You Need Marriage Counseling? Consider these questions about yourself, your partner, and your marriage. Did you marry at an early age?Did you not graduate from high school?Are you in a lower income bracket?Are you in an interfaith marriage?Did your parents divorce?Do you often criticize one another?Is there a lot of defensiveness in your marriage?Do you tend to withdraw from one another?Do you feel contempt and anger for one another?Do you believe your communication is poor?Is there a presence of infidelity, addiction, or abuse in your marriage? If you answered yes to most of these questions, then you are statistically higher risk for divorce. It does not mean that divorce is inevitable. But it may mean that you have to work much harder to keep your relationship on track. A marriage counselor can help you with that work. Spouses who have realistic expectations of one another and their marriage, communicate well, use conflict resolution skills, and are compatible with one another are less at risk for divorce. They still may benefit from counseling at times of transition or simply to reinforce their communication skills and strong connection. The Effectiveness of Marriage Counseling The most studied, and effective, form of treatment is  emotionally-focused couples therapy  (EFT) developed by  Dr. Sue Johnson. Research shows that this treatment is long-lasting and helpful with those of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds as well. One 2017 study, for example, looked at the effectiveness of couples therapy in a group of veterans, with variation in age and race, and found it to be generally effective, with relationships still improved 18 months after treatment. Another study from 2017 also found improvements lasting 24 months after treatment. Research published in 2015 found EFT helpful in couples experiencing infertility. There are also ways to gauge if counseling will actually work for your marriage. Counselors suggest that different types of couples may get more out of marriage counseling. Which Couples Get the Most From Marriage Counseling? If you see yourself here, you are likely to benefit from seeing a marriage counselor. Younger couplesNon-sexist and egalitarian couplesCouples who are still in love with each otherCouples who are open to therapy and changePartners willing to look at themselves and their flaws Which Couples Get the Least from Marriage Counseling? If your marriage is more like these, counseling may not be effective for you. That doesnt mean you should give up, but have realistic expectations. Couples who wait too long before seeking helpMarriages with one or the other spouse set on getting a divorceMarried individuals who are closed to any suggestions that may save the marriageMarriages with one partner addicted to alcohol, drugs or pornographyMarriage with one partner showing up to sessions but is not invested in the work Solutions Learned From Happy Couples John Gottmans research looks at happy couples for solutions. He has discovered that even though all couples experience conflict in their marriages, happy couples apparently know how to handle their disagreements because of a foundation of affection and friendship.  Unhappy couples do not have this skill set. Generally, marriage and relationship researchers  suggest that the goal of couple therapy should be to change the patterns of interaction, emotional connection,  and communication  between the partners. Dont Wait to Get Help If you think your marriage is in trouble, do not wait.?  Seek help as soon as possible. Plan to budget money and time for this treatment. The longer you wait, the harder it will be to get your relationship back on track. Find professional couples counseling or attend a marriage course or weekend experience as soon as warning signs appear. Can an App for Couples Really Improve Your Relationship?

Prostitution and Victorian Society Essay - 2538 Words

Introduction Prostitution looms large in the Victorian consciousness. The image of the fallen woman reflects the Victorian upper classes ideas about sexuality, gender and class. The prostitute is a staple of 19th century fiction. Debate about prostitution is also a reflection of cultural anxiety about urbanization. Victorian ideas about fallenness create the ideological assumptions behind the creation of the Contagious Diseases Acts. Through the control of sexuality, the Acts reinforced existing patterns of class and gender domination. They reflected an acceptance of male sexual license. The double standard allowed male access to fallen women and punished only the women. Fallenness as Literary Motif In Oliver Twist,†¦show more content†¦Cultural beliefs about the fallen woman necessitated that she be victim of a sacrificial death. While her death may have seemed shocking to us, there is no other way that Dickens could have told her story. Nancy is lost beyond redemption and although she had a heart of gold, her fallenness necessitates her death. To have redeemed her would have justified prostitution, or at least acknowledged the fact that it could be a temporary state, and not the road to ruin and a horrible and lonely death. Olivers mother is also a fallen woman who meets a sacrificial death although her heart is apparently good. Her entire family is also consequently ruined. This reads as particularly tragic since she was not seduced by a rake, but by someone who intended to marry her. No matter; she also had to be sacrificed to fallenness, along with her entire family. It is a cautionary tale. There are two examples of fallenness in Mary Barton. One is Mary Barton herself, who is seduced by dreams of improving her social status via the upper-class Carson. Her lust for wealth leaves her at the mercy of this rake, who has no intention of marrying her anyway. The true fallen woman is Marys aunt Esther. She is destined for the street by her love of clothing, finery, and her class aspirations. When John Barton encounters her on the street again she is the epitome of the streetwalker, bereft of dignity, morality, and the possibility of salvation. Both Oliver Twist an Mary BartonShow MoreRelatedVictorian Era: The Start of Corruption in Moral Values1594 Words   |  7 PagesLasting from 1837 to 1901, the Victorian Era followed the Romantic Era. Starting and ending with the reign of Queen Elizabeth, this time period is now viewed as strict, prudish, and â€Å"old fashioned,† especially in comparison to today. During those times, the people had to follow a certain standard of living; they were upright people that were modest and controlled. Society at the time adhered to rules such as wearing clothes that covered the women head to toe and abiding by the proper etiquette ofRead More Prostitution in the Victorian Era Essay630 Words   |  3 PagesProstitution in the Victorian Era There were many prostitutes during the Victorian era. Most were lower-class women, with the exception of the mistresses kept by upper-class men. According to Victorian standards, respectable women did not consider sexual intercourse pleasurable. It was their duty to be intimate with their husbands. Having affairs was disgraceful (Waters). Prostitutes, on the other hand, were sexually intimate with men because they enjoyed sex. Men enjoyed prostitutesRead MoreSocial Classes, Prostitution and Jack the Ripper in the 19th Century England1227 Words   |  5 Pagesbut dozens of new layers of society appeared. While the rich lived to the fullest, the lower class starved and needed to find alternative ways of money making. Prostitution became more and more widespread, which lead to an inequality and social stratification between poor and rich and due to the economical crisis the number of prostitutes grew from year to year. Aristocrats and nobility looked down on the working cl ass with judgement and disgust, and when prostitution became legalized in EnglandRead MoreProstitution in Victorian England Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesJudith Walkowitz’s book Prostitution and Victorian Society: Women, Class, and the State, deals with the social and economic impact that prostitution had on English society in the mid to late 19th century. Throughout her piece Walkowitz illustrates the plight of women who are in the prostitution field and that are working the streets throughout England. She starts with the background of most of the prostitutes in Victorian England then talks about the Contagious Disease Act in 1864 that attemptedRead MoreBeing A Sex Worker, By George Bernard Shaw1511 Words   |  7 Pagesclearly immoral and despicable, but what about prostitution? In modern society, the word â€Å"prostitute† might understandably bring many negative connotations to one s mind - pimps... sexual abuse...slavery, even - especially considering the vast options women in the modern workforce have. One could also assume that no one would ever want to become willful sex worker, but some may see it as a necessary evil to provide for themselves. In Victorian Society, being a sex worker may have been one of theRead MorePro Legalization of Prostitution Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesPro Legalization of Prostitution The world’s largest trade, prostitution, has always found ways to overcome the legal attempts to suppress it. Prostitution has become one of the most common trades throughout the world. Many poor countries have turned to prostitution as an outlet from their economic difficulties. It is the easiest from of labor for those who do not have a proper education or the economic background to join the legal labor force. Many men and women haveRead MoreImages of Victorian Women by the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood Essay1012 Words   |  5 PagesThe Victorian Era was one of great changes in England. Revolutionary movements, such as the Chartist demonstration and the fall of the Second Empire in France, paved the way for new ideologies. The Pre-Raphaelites were inspired by the changing atmosphere of the times and through their art attempted to introduce emotion, realism and originality back into British painting. The members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood were John Everett Millais, William Holman Hunt, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, F.G. StephensRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Mrs. Warrens Profession1482 Words   |  6 PagesShaw, was nothing short of offensive at its release, mostly due to its ability to shine light on the darkest corners of Victorian society – specifically regarding women’s opportunities (or lack of). The dynamic female leads, Mrs. Kitty Warren and her daughter, Vivie, firmly embrac e and encompass the concept of the â€Å"New Woman,† meaning one that didn’t succumb into traditional Victorian roles and expectations. The play focuses on themes of morality and capitalism and how they interact, often leading toRead MoreWomen s Professions Of Victorian England945 Words   |  4 PagesDeidre Harris Mrs. Arnett English 1123 19 April 2017 â€Å"Women’s Professions in Victorian England† A women’s profession can define her character in society during the Victorian Era. Women are known for strong work ethic. Originally a woman supposed to take care the house hold while the man work. The Victorian society was based off three classes. The Upper Class, Middle Class, and the Working Class. The Upper Class hold the most power because they were given authority, the best living, and controlRead MoreThe Era Of The Victorian Era1565 Words   |  7 PagesThe Victorian Era is a period prominent in harboring peace, prosperity as well as introducing the later shifts in industrial and political reforms. Queen Victoria a notable person of the era, began her reign in 1837 and influenced England by the values she encouraged. The Victorian Era is divided into four categories: â€Å"The Early Period is known as â€Å"A time of Troubles†, The Mid-Victorian Period, The Late Period and The Nineties.†(Stephen Greenblatt). The Nineties is thoroughly separated among the

The Life Of The Smithsonian National Museum Of Natural...

At the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History there is an exhibit called â€Å"Eternal Life in Ancient Egypt†. This exhibit focuses on Egypt’s past with important and interesting artifacts related to burial techniques and religious beliefs. The most simple answer to why it is important to understand the way people lived in the past is that we can’t truly know ourselves until we understand where we came from. This essay will analyze the exhibit to show what it’s telling us and why it is so important. To start, a main focus in the exhibit is the Egyptians’ old burial rituals. It is widely known that the Egyptians used to mummify the dead. The exhibit not only displays these mummies, but it also displays what they were buried with. The objects buried in the tomb with the body are known to be for the afterlife of the person who is buried. These objects in the exhibit, along with the mummy and it’s sarcophagus, included vessels for food and water, canopic jars for the organs of the mummy, along with jewelry and figurines of the gods and goddesses of Egypt. Also, the plaques on the inside of the exhibit’s walls read descriptions of ancient Egyptian beliefs and why some of the goods were buried with the mummy. This can help visitors understand the way of life in ancient Egypt by putting out these finds for everyone to learn from. The information on burial rituals and objects shown on display depict Egypt’s ancient religious beliefs and how the afterlife worked.Show MoreRelatedThe Human Perceptions Of Biological Systems964 Words   |  4 Pagesoccurred over the years. This is due to shifting baseline syndrome and its prevalence in today’s society. What is shifting baseline syndrome, how does the exhibit at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History teach visitors the concept of â€Å"shifting baselines† and â€Å"shifting baseline syndrome† as it relates to conservation, and how does the museum as a whole communicate a conservationist message and promote conservationist values? Shifting baselines syndrome â€Å"is a cautionary tale referring to changing humanRead MoreEssay On Easter Island1556 Words   |  7 Pagessustainably The Polynesians did not use their resources sustainably, because they used all of them to create the Moai statues. And as a consequence, they didn t have any tools to hunt with, or wood to make fires with, so many of them starved to death (History, 2017). The reason the Polynesians ran out of resources over such a short period of time, is because once a couple of Moai’s were built, and the rumours were spread that they protected their creators, everybody wanted one, and the resources ran dryRead More A Human For Nature Essay1585 Words   |  7 PagesA Human For Nature When looking at the issue of humans and nature throughout history, one significant figure stands out in my mind: Theodore Roosevelt. Without him, the most beautiful and serene places in North America may have been destroyed or fallen to the hands of developers. Development and conservation of land have been issues that we have faced since Europeans first landed in America. Today, environmental issues are a concern that any contending political candidate must address. In focusingRead MoreThe Burgess Shale Fauna1596 Words   |  7 PagesB.ED. SCIENCE WITH SPECIALISATION IN BIOLOGY â€Æ' Table of Contents The Burgess Shale Fauna 3 Introduction 3 History of Discovery 3 Preservation Bias 4 Major Fossils 4 Concluding remarks: 7 References: 8 The Burgess Shale Fauna Introduction The Burgess Shale Fauna is a fauna that was constructed based on a group of fossils that were initially found, in the Burgess Shale area in the Canadian Rockies (Gould, 1989). They are a very important group of fossils as â€Å"modern multicellularRead MoreForensic Criminology : Forensic Anthropology1706 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation about early humans from their skeletons are also used to discover the identity of the victims of accidents, fires, plane crashes, war, or crimes such as murder Based on the information I gather from David hunt,† physical anthropology museum specialist it stated a forensic anthropologist can read the evidence in a skeleton like you read a book. The techniques they use to answer questions in criminal cases can be applied to skeletons of any age, modern or ancient. The stages of growthRead MoreCharles Darwins Theory of Evolution Essay1311 Words   |  6 PagesBefore the theory of evolution was a widespread theory in the world of science, Greek and Roman philosophers had their own theories about how life came to its present state and where it was going from there. One theory at the time was that all organisms are reflections of a â€Å"perfect† form and were coming closer to it all the time, although this was the less accepted theory even though it was closer to the truth proven hundreds of years after, while another was that all things were simply placesRead MoreUncovering The Mystery That Is Hallucigenia1749 Words   |  7 PagesHallucigenia lived and under what conditions. However, the features of the fossil weren’t exactly clear, so what the creature looked like was still up for debate. Paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould wrote a book entitled Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History. In this book he describes an explosion during the Cambrian period when animals burst into having a wide variety of structures and then completely disappearing (Zimmer p. D4). In his book, he named Hallucigenia as the epitomeRead More Native American Museum Essays1584 Words   |  7 PagesCenter - The Smithsonians National Museum of the American Indian is a fascinating building at the Bowling Green area of Lower Manhattan. It’s close to Battery Park that displays an elegant view of the water. You can see ferries floating by headed towards Staten Island, since South Ferry Terminal is nearby. It allows you to appreciate the hidden gems of the city located in the outskirts Manhattan. One of those very treasures is the museum mentioned previously. The Museum of the American Indian isRead MoreOriginal Writing : The 250000 Square1738 Words   |  7 Pageseastern lowland landscape amid numerous water features. Special design elements of the museum, such as an east-facing entrance, a prism window, and the 120-foot high Potomac Atrium dome and skylight devoted to contemporary Native performances, reflect distinctly Native perspectives and are a direct result of extensive consultations with Native communities. The theme of organic flow is reflected by the interior of the museum, whose walls are mostly curving surfaces, with almost no sharp corners. The buildingRead MoreMuseum Of Modern Art ( Moma ) : Soundings Exhibition2121 Words   |  9 Pages3. Museum of Modern Art (MOMA): Soundings Exhibition Soundings is an interactive website from the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) where users contribute to the exhibition by uploading their own content. It features an interactive map (fig. 10) for users to upload their own soundbites to specific locations around the world. This interactivity adds a collaborative element to the Soundings exhibition, allowing the user to make the exhibition more personal and to participate in the process of meaning-making

Thesis on Social Security Free Essays

Social Security was a good idea but somewhere along the way it was not thought out to last. The Social Security Act was signed in to law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on August 14, 1935. We will write a custom essay sample on Thesis on Social Security or any similar topic only for you Order Now It included several provisions for general welfare and created a social insurance program designed to pay retired workers age 65 or older a continuing income after retirement. There two major provisions related to the elderly, Title I- Grants to States for Old-Age Assistance, which supported state welfare programs for the aged, and Title II-Federal Old-Age Benefits.It was Title II that was the new social insurance program we now think of as Social Security. In the original Act benefits were to be paid only to the primary worker when he/she retired at age 65. Benefits were to be based on payroll tax contributions that the worker made during his/her working life. Payment of monthly Social Security benefits began in January 1940, and were authorized not only for aged retired workers but for their aged wives or widows, children under age 18, and surviving aged parents.The first monthly retirement check was issued on January 31, 1940 to a lady by the name of Ida May Fuller  of Ludlow, Vermont, in the amount of $22. 54. Miss Fuller, a Legal Secretary, retired in November 1939. She started collecting benefits in January 1940 at age 65 and lived to be 100 years old, dying in 1975. (http://www. ssa. gov/history/briefhistory3. html) Over the years there were many changes to the original Social Security Act (SSA). One of these changes happened in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s. The SSA became responsible for a new program, Supplemental Security Income (SSI).In the original 1935 Social Security Act, programs were introduced for needy aged and blind individuals and, in 1950, needy disabled individuals were added. These three programs were known as the â€Å"adult categories† and were administered by State and local governments with partial Federal funding. Over the years, the State programs became more complex and inconsistent, with as many as 1,350 administrative agencies involved and payments varying more than 300% from State to State. (http://www. ssa. gov/history/briefhistory3. html) From its modest beginnings, Social Security has grown to become an essential facet of modern life.One in seven Americans receives a Social Security benefit, and more than 90 percent of all workers are in jobs covered by Social Security. From 1940, when slightly more than 222,000 people received monthly Social Security benefits, until today, when over 50 million people receive such benefits, Social Security has grown steadily. The SSI program has grown as well from its inception in 1974. In 2008 it was estimated that 50,898,244 Americans received $615,344,000,000 in Social Security and nearly 7,520,501 Americans received $43,040,000,000 in SSI benefits. ( gov/history/briefhistory3.html†http://www. ssa. gov/history/briefhistory3. html) How to cite Thesis on Social Security, Papers

Ordinary Research Paper Essay Example

Ordinary Research Paper Essay It certainly seems unfair that WNBA MVP Lauren Jackson, highest paid WNBA player, can make a maximum of $87,000 per year, while perennial NBA disappointment Shawn Bradley is guaranteed a minimum of $1,100,000. Many people believe it isn’t fair that males playing basketball should receive higher pay than the females playing basketball at the professional level. In the USA, employees completing the same job are supposed to have equal pay because the USA is based on gender equality. NBA players are among the highest paid employees on the planet, while WNBA players are earning an average between $46,000 to $60,000 a year. Even though the WNBA has only recently been established, the NBA receives more attention than the WNBA in several different ways. The Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) will hopefully grow in the next few years (Issaquah Par. 1-3). The National Basketball Association created the Women’s National Basketball Association. The idea behind the WNBA began in 1996 when the Olympics were held in the United States. The United States Women’s Basketball Team traveled across America meeting fans. The women’s team won the gold medal in the Olympics held in Atlanta, Georgia. The American people wanted to see these new basketball stars play in there own league in the United States. The NBA decided to start WNBA teams in the cities that already possessed NBA teams. The women would play while the men were on summer vacation (Owens 6). The WNBA began in 1996 and originated with eight teams. One of the first teams in the league was the Los Angeles Sparks. They had Lisa Leslie on their team, who was famous before the Women’s National Basketball Association. She was one of the best United States basketball players. We will write a custom essay sample on Ordinary Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ordinary Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ordinary Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There were players from other countries coming to play in the United States in order to take advantage of the opportunity (Owens 9-13). The other WNBA teams formed to start the season in 1997 were the Phoenix Mercury, Utah Starzz, Sacramento Monarchs, Cleveland Rockers, New York Liberty, Houston Comets, Miami Sol, and the Portland Fire (The Associated Press 1-14). There are now 14 teams total in the WNBA. As of 2008, the teams consisted of the Detroit Shock, Los Angeles Sparks, Chicago Sky, Connecticut Sun, Houston Comets, Indiana Fever, Minnesota Lynx, New York Liberty, Sacramento Monarchs, Phoenix Mercury, San Antonio Silver Stars, Seattle Storm, Washington Mystics, and, the newest team joining the WNBA, is the Atlanta Dream. The WNBA is split into two conferences the Eastern Conference and the Western Conference. Each conference consists of 7 teams. Teams in the Eastern Conference are the Atlanta Dream, Chicago Sky, Connecticut Sun, Detroit Shock, Indiana Fever, New York Liberty, and Washington Mystics. The Western Conference is made up of Houston Comets, Los Angeles Sparks, Minnesota Lynx, Phoenix Mercury, Sacramento Monarchs, San Antonio Silver Stars and the Seattle Storm. Having conferences helps decided the top teams in the WNBA (WNBA Enterprises 1-10). The Women’s National Basketball Association began with eight teams in 1997 and expanded to 16 teams in 2002; three franchises folded by the start of the 2004 season. Cleveland, Miami, and Portland no longer exist as WNBA teams. In 2003, the Utah Starzz moved to San Antonio to become the Silver Stars. Chicago became a team in 2006 (The Associated Press 1-14). The Women’s National Basketball Association will tip off its 12 season of play on Saturday, May 17. Twelve of the 14 teams will play on the opening day (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1). The WNBA has established itself since 1996 and with its first season in 1997. There are now higher salaries; the league minimum was $5000 in 1997. Now, everyone in the WNBA makes at least five figures. No one has yet brought home a million dollars. There is a feeling that this milestone is not too far away. There has been a vast move forward in salaries since the league started in 1996 (Harris Par. 2). There are now better players in the WNBA. They began with two of the best women’s basketball players and now have many. When the league started, they suspected that Rebecca Lobo and Lisa Leslie were the best that women’s basketball had to offer. Now there are players like Sacramento ’s Yolanda Griffith, Los Angeles ’ Tameka Dixon, and Houston ’s Tina Thompson who have proven to be forces with which to contend. These players have rallied fans and money with out the help of the WNBA’s marketing machine (Harris Par. 3). National broadcasts air more of the WNBA games on TV now. When previously viewing the broadcast schedule, it seemed as if the league had pre-selected a national champion. The favorite seemed to receive more televised games (Harris Par. 4). In 2008, the WNBA and ESPN announced an eight-year suspension. The suspension was an agreement to have ABC, ESPN, and ESPN2 televise WNBA games through 2016. This agreement was reached in a year when the increased attendance to games, enhanced TV viewership, and the number of people visiting WNBA. com rose as well. The agreement guarantees increased promotion of the WNBA on ESPN and will run through the 20 season of the WNBA (WNBA Enterprises Par. 2). Now, today teams that were not in the original line up that created the WNBA are receiving broadcasting time on television (Harris Par. 4). The WNBA has made greater strides over the years. The rivalries are more intense between fans cheering and booing for the team they want to win. There were amazing turnarounds in teams. Teams known as the worst in the WNBA one year made it to the conference finals the next. In every way, the Women’s National Basketball Association is taking steps. However, the WNBA is still not as respected as the NBA. Hopefully, the WNBA still possesses years to expand and make something more of themselves (Harris Par. 1-5). There are requirements that need to be met in order to become a member of the WNBA just like any other job. Females are not allowed to go directly from high school to the WNBA. To be a prospect for the WNBA, females must be at least 22 years old during the calendar year of the season to be played. A female must complete her intercollegiate basketball eligibility, graduate from a four year college or university or play at least two seasons for another professional basketball league. People may believe simply being good at basketball will help get a jersey and a spot to be on a team. However there are requirements to be met (WNBA Media Ventures Par. 1). After meeting the requirements to get drafted to the WNBA, there are different skills in which scouts are interested. The position played, whether it be guard, post, or forward, depends on scouts. Different positions have different skills that need to be mastered. Some things remain the same no matter what position being played. Scouts look at athleticism, knowledge of the game, execution of the plays and sets, work ethic, and poise under pressure. One shouldn’t simply focus on the way they play, but work on other things to help improve there game, too (WNBA Media Ventures Par. 2). It is hard to be recognized in the WNBA. Going to a small school, can mean it is difficult to know how to expose oneself or get invited to the draft camp. Making a high light tape is a good step to get recognized. A prospective player should send the video or film to current teams and the national office. Including a resume is a good idea in order to show stats and achievements. With respect to all divisions of colleges, coaches evaluate players from all conferences and divisions. By reading basketball publications, newspaper articles, updates, watching videotapes, and attending games, they develop background information on various players (WNBA Media Ventures Par. 3). Not everyone gets invited to the WNBA draft camp. To be considered females must meet WNBA requirements. Also the national office must have current game footage and a resume on file. Then, the player will be evaluated. That is how the WNBA determines if players have the skills and ability to play at the next level. It is the WNBA’s best intention to find the best players in the nation to compete at the next level (WNBA Media Ventures Par. 3). The number of draft picks changes depending on the amount of players needed on a team that year. Much depends on how many retire from the WNBA. If there are good players eligible for the WNBA one year and not the next, that also has an effect on how many players the WNBA teams will draft. If there are better players one year that can make it in the WNBA then the WNBA would draft them over someone who can’t. The highest number of draft picks ever in the WNBA was in 2001 and 2002. Sixty four players were drafted. The first round, second draft pick in 2002 plays for the Detroit Shock and is still there today. The lowest number of draft picks since the WNBA started in 1997 was 38 picks in the year of 2004. The first two picks in 2004 are powerhouses in the WNBA still playing strong. Diana Taurasi, who was drafted first in 2004, just won the national championship in 2007. Therefore, the demand for necessary players as well as how the collegiate players performance determines the number of draft picks (Insidehoops. com Par. 1-7). After getting drafted the WNBA has to decide how much money each player will get paid. The salary cap for the WNBA is going up every year but is still not even close to the NBA salary cap. The WNBA team salary cap in 2004 was $647,000, increasing every year in 2005 the cap was at $673,000, in 2006 it increased to $700,000, then in 2007 was up to $728,000 per team. The salary has been making a steady climb up but still has a ways to go to be close to the NBA (Insidehoops. com Par. 4). With the highest team salary in the NBA is $103,100,000 and the lowest team salary is $23,000,000 a year (Insisdehoops. om Par. 14). With 14 teams in the WNBA by adding up all their team salaries it doesn’t even add up to the minimum NBA team salary cap (Insidehoops. com Par. 4). The average salary of an NBA player making $3. 7 million the average salary for a WNBA player is only $50,000 (BlackAthlete Sports Network Par. 6). The maximum pay for players in the WNBA and NBA are not even close. The m aximum salary of a WNBA is $87,000 (Insidehoops. com Par. 3). While the highest paid NBA player is making 22 million dollars (Insidehoops. com Par. 5). The minimum WNBA salary for players of 0-3 years of experience is $30,600. Players with four or more years of experience make an average of $43,700. If on the team that wins the WNBA championship each player receives a bonus of $10,000 each. The runner-up team each player gets a $5,000 bonus. There is a very big difference in pay that the WNBA players and the pay that the NBA players receive (Insidehoops. com Par. 3). Some women in the WNBA have to get another job besides just playing basketball because they are not brining in enough money. Katie Smith is the all-time leading scorer in women’s professional basketball, a two-time Olympic gold medallist, and a four time WNBA all-star. If Katie were a man in the NBA she would never have to work another day in her life but being in the WNBA and not making enough money she decided to go to dental school. Smith being one of the best players in the WNBA is making nearly $90,000 which is a good amount of money but no matter how long or well you play basketball will not pay for your future. Only a few WNBA players have endorsement deals, while others have to get a job in the off-season or they go and play over seas to bring in extra income (BlackAthlete Sports Network Par. -9). The reason the pay could be so different in the WNBA and NBA could depend on the game schedules, price of tickets or game attendance. Comparing the Detroit Pistons an NBA team to the Detroit Shock an WNBA. Their 2007-2008 seasons differ very much. The Shock only has one preseason game (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1). While the Pistons compete in six preseason games. The Pistons season not including the play offs stretches from October 8 2007 through Apr il 16 2008. During that time the Pistons compete in 90 games (NBA Enterprises Par. 1). The Shock season runs from May 12 2008 through September 14 2008 not including play offs. Throughout this time the Shock will perform in 35 games (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1). The NBA has an average of 17,000 people attend their games and the WNBA only bring in about 10,000. Another reason the pay could be so different is because on average the ticket price to go to an NBA game is $45 and to a WNBA it is only $15. The NBA tends to have more games and longer seasons but one day the WNBA may be equal to the NBA (Issaquah Par. 4). â€Å"Its official the WNBA established itself as a real, professional, respectable sport. We’ve still got a ways to go, but the league’s progress since the 1997 inaugural season has been nothing short of a remarkable† (Harris Par. 1). The WNBA has gained teams and publicity over the years (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1-10). With the league going in a positive direction the salaries are also increasing (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1-4). Even though the WNBA has only recently been established, the NBA receives more attention than the WNBA in several different ways. The WNBA will hopefully keep growing and become as established as the NBA someday. Works Cited â€Å"Atlanta Becomes 14th WNBA Franchise In League. † The Associated Press. 2007: 20 Feb. 2008 . Brown, Renee. â€Å"Hoops 101: Renee Brown. † WNBA Media Ventures. 2002: 19 Feb. 2008 Harris, Fran. â€Å"WNBA: The WNBA Is On Its Way. † Buzzle. com. 2008: 12 Feb. 2008 . Issaquah, Rebekah. â€Å"How Much Money Does the Average WNBA Player Make Per Year Compared to an NBA player? † Yahoo! Inc. 2004: 12 Feb. 2008 . â€Å"NBA Salaries. † InsideHoops. com. 2008: 14 March 2008 . Owens, Thomas S. Teamwork: The Houston Comets in Action. New York: Rosen, 1999. Owens, Thomas S. Teamwork: The Los Angeles Sparks in Action. New York: Rosen, 1999. â€Å"Pistons Schedule and Results. † NBA Media Ventures. 2008: 14 March 2008 . â€Å"Shock Schedule 2008. † WNBA Enterprises. 2008: 14 March 2008 . â€Å"WNBA’s 2008 Schedule: Season Tips Off May 17. † WNBA Enterprises. 2008: 22 Feb. 2008 . â€Å"WNBA Draft History. † Insid eHoops. com. 2008: 19 Feb. 2008 . â€Å"WNBA Players Plan Futures. † BlackAthlete Sports Network. 2005: 14 March 2008 . â€Å"WNBA Salaries. † InsideHoops. com. 2008: 14 March 2008 . Ordinary Research Paper Essay Example Ordinary Research Paper Essay It certainly seems unfair that WNBA MVP Lauren Jackson, highest paid WNBA player, can make a maximum of $87,000 per year, while perennial NBA disappointment Shawn Bradley is guaranteed a minimum of $1,100,000. Many people believe it isn’t fair that males playing basketball should receive higher pay than the females playing basketball at the professional level. In the USA, employees completing the same job are supposed to have equal pay because the USA is based on gender equality. NBA players are among the highest paid employees on the planet, while WNBA players are earning an average between $46,000 to $60,000 a year. Even though the WNBA has only recently been established, the NBA receives more attention than the WNBA in several different ways. The Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) will hopefully grow in the next few years (Issaquah Par. 1-3). The National Basketball Association created the Women’s National Basketball Association. The idea behind the WNBA began in 1996 when the Olympics were held in the United States. The United States Women’s Basketball Team traveled across America meeting fans. The women’s team won the gold medal in the Olympics held in Atlanta, Georgia. The American people wanted to see these new basketball stars play in there own league in the United States. The NBA decided to start WNBA teams in the cities that already possessed NBA teams. The women would play while the men were on summer vacation (Owens 6). The WNBA began in 1996 and originated with eight teams. One of the first teams in the league was the Los Angeles Sparks. They had Lisa Leslie on their team, who was famous before the Women’s National Basketball Association. She was one of the best United States basketball players. We will write a custom essay sample on Ordinary Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ordinary Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ordinary Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There were players from other countries coming to play in the United States in order to take advantage of the opportunity (Owens 9-13). The other WNBA teams formed to start the season in 1997 were the Phoenix Mercury, Utah Starzz, Sacramento Monarchs, Cleveland Rockers, New York Liberty, Houston Comets, Miami Sol, and the Portland Fire (The Associated Press 1-14). There are now 14 teams total in the WNBA. As of 2008, the teams consisted of the Detroit Shock, Los Angeles Sparks, Chicago Sky, Connecticut Sun, Houston Comets, Indiana Fever, Minnesota Lynx, New York Liberty, Sacramento Monarchs, Phoenix Mercury, San Antonio Silver Stars, Seattle Storm, Washington Mystics, and, the newest team joining the WNBA, is the Atlanta Dream. The WNBA is split into two conferences the Eastern Conference and the Western Conference. Each conference consists of 7 teams. Teams in the Eastern Conference are the Atlanta Dream, Chicago Sky, Connecticut Sun, Detroit Shock, Indiana Fever, New York Liberty, and Washington Mystics. The Western Conference is made up of Houston Comets, Los Angeles Sparks, Minnesota Lynx, Phoenix Mercury, Sacramento Monarchs, San Antonio Silver Stars and the Seattle Storm. Having conferences helps decided the top teams in the WNBA (WNBA Enterprises 1-10). The Women’s National Basketball Association began with eight teams in 1997 and expanded to 16 teams in 2002; three franchises folded by the start of the 2004 season. Cleveland, Miami, and Portland no longer exist as WNBA teams. In 2003, the Utah Starzz moved to San Antonio to become the Silver Stars. Chicago became a team in 2006 (The Associated Press 1-14). The Women’s National Basketball Association will tip off its 12 season of play on Saturday, May 17. Twelve of the 14 teams will play on the opening day (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1). The WNBA has established itself since 1996 and with its first season in 1997. There are now higher salaries; the league minimum was $5000 in 1997. Now, everyone in the WNBA makes at least five figures. No one has yet brought home a million dollars. There is a feeling that this milestone is not too far away. There has been a vast move forward in salaries since the league started in 1996 (Harris Par. 2). There are now better players in the WNBA. They began with two of the best women’s basketball players and now have many. When the league started, they suspected that Rebecca Lobo and Lisa Leslie were the best that women’s basketball had to offer. Now there are players like Sacramento ’s Yolanda Griffith, Los Angeles ’ Tameka Dixon, and Houston ’s Tina Thompson who have proven to be forces with which to contend. These players have rallied fans and money with out the help of the WNBA’s marketing machine (Harris Par. 3). National broadcasts air more of the WNBA games on TV now. When previously viewing the broadcast schedule, it seemed as if the league had pre-selected a national champion. The favorite seemed to receive more televised games (Harris Par. 4). In 2008, the WNBA and ESPN announced an eight-year suspension. The suspension was an agreement to have ABC, ESPN, and ESPN2 televise WNBA games through 2016. This agreement was reached in a year when the increased attendance to games, enhanced TV viewership, and the number of people visiting WNBA. com rose as well. The agreement guarantees increased promotion of the WNBA on ESPN and will run through the 20 season of the WNBA (WNBA Enterprises Par. 2). Now, today teams that were not in the original line up that created the WNBA are receiving broadcasting time on television (Harris Par. 4). The WNBA has made greater strides over the years. The rivalries are more intense between fans cheering and booing for the team they want to win. There were amazing turnarounds in teams. Teams known as the worst in the WNBA one year made it to the conference finals the next. In every way, the Women’s National Basketball Association is taking steps. However, the WNBA is still not as respected as the NBA. Hopefully, the WNBA still possesses years to expand and make something more of themselves (Harris Par. 1-5). There are requirements that need to be met in order to become a member of the WNBA just like any other job. Females are not allowed to go directly from high school to the WNBA. To be a prospect for the WNBA, females must be at least 22 years old during the calendar year of the season to be played. A female must complete her intercollegiate basketball eligibility, graduate from a four year college or university or play at least two seasons for another professional basketball league. People may believe simply being good at basketball will help get a jersey and a spot to be on a team. However there are requirements to be met (WNBA Media Ventures Par. 1). After meeting the requirements to get drafted to the WNBA, there are different skills in which scouts are interested. The position played, whether it be guard, post, or forward, depends on scouts. Different positions have different skills that need to be mastered. Some things remain the same no matter what position being played. Scouts look at athleticism, knowledge of the game, execution of the plays and sets, work ethic, and poise under pressure. One shouldn’t simply focus on the way they play, but work on other things to help improve there game, too (WNBA Media Ventures Par. 2). It is hard to be recognized in the WNBA. Going to a small school, can mean it is difficult to know how to expose oneself or get invited to the draft camp. Making a high light tape is a good step to get recognized. A prospective player should send the video or film to current teams and the national office. Including a resume is a good idea in order to show stats and achievements. With respect to all divisions of colleges, coaches evaluate players from all conferences and divisions. By reading basketball publications, newspaper articles, updates, watching videotapes, and attending games, they develop background information on various players (WNBA Media Ventures Par. 3). Not everyone gets invited to the WNBA draft camp. To be considered females must meet WNBA requirements. Also the national office must have current game footage and a resume on file. Then, the player will be evaluated. That is how the WNBA determines if players have the skills and ability to play at the next level. It is the WNBA’s best intention to find the best players in the nation to compete at the next level (WNBA Media Ventures Par. 3). The number of draft picks changes depending on the amount of players needed on a team that year. Much depends on how many retire from the WNBA. If there are good players eligible for the WNBA one year and not the next, that also has an effect on how many players the WNBA teams will draft. If there are better players one year that can make it in the WNBA then the WNBA would draft them over someone who can’t. The highest number of draft picks ever in the WNBA was in 2001 and 2002. Sixty four players were drafted. The first round, second draft pick in 2002 plays for the Detroit Shock and is still there today. The lowest number of draft picks since the WNBA started in 1997 was 38 picks in the year of 2004. The first two picks in 2004 are powerhouses in the WNBA still playing strong. Diana Taurasi, who was drafted first in 2004, just won the national championship in 2007. Therefore, the demand for necessary players as well as how the collegiate players performance determines the number of draft picks (Insidehoops. com Par. 1-7). After getting drafted the WNBA has to decide how much money each player will get paid. The salary cap for the WNBA is going up every year but is still not even close to the NBA salary cap. The WNBA team salary cap in 2004 was $647,000, increasing every year in 2005 the cap was at $673,000, in 2006 it increased to $700,000, then in 2007 was up to $728,000 per team. The salary has been making a steady climb up but still has a ways to go to be close to the NBA (Insidehoops. com Par. 4). With the highest team salary in the NBA is $103,100,000 and the lowest team salary is $23,000,000 a year (Insisdehoops. om Par. 14). With 14 teams in the WNBA by adding up all their team salaries it doesn’t even add up to the minimum NBA team salary cap (Insidehoops. com Par. 4). The average salary of an NBA player making $3. 7 million the average salary for a WNBA player is only $50,000 (BlackAthlete Sports Network Par. 6). The maximum pay for players in the WNBA and NBA are not even close. The m aximum salary of a WNBA is $87,000 (Insidehoops. com Par. 3). While the highest paid NBA player is making 22 million dollars (Insidehoops. com Par. 5). The minimum WNBA salary for players of 0-3 years of experience is $30,600. Players with four or more years of experience make an average of $43,700. If on the team that wins the WNBA championship each player receives a bonus of $10,000 each. The runner-up team each player gets a $5,000 bonus. There is a very big difference in pay that the WNBA players and the pay that the NBA players receive (Insidehoops. com Par. 3). Some women in the WNBA have to get another job besides just playing basketball because they are not brining in enough money. Katie Smith is the all-time leading scorer in women’s professional basketball, a two-time Olympic gold medallist, and a four time WNBA all-star. If Katie were a man in the NBA she would never have to work another day in her life but being in the WNBA and not making enough money she decided to go to dental school. Smith being one of the best players in the WNBA is making nearly $90,000 which is a good amount of money but no matter how long or well you play basketball will not pay for your future. Only a few WNBA players have endorsement deals, while others have to get a job in the off-season or they go and play over seas to bring in extra income (BlackAthlete Sports Network Par. -9). The reason the pay could be so different in the WNBA and NBA could depend on the game schedules, price of tickets or game attendance. Comparing the Detroit Pistons an NBA team to the Detroit Shock an WNBA. Their 2007-2008 seasons differ very much. The Shock only has one preseason game (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1). While the Pistons compete in six preseason games. The Pistons season not including the play offs stretches from October 8 2007 through Apr il 16 2008. During that time the Pistons compete in 90 games (NBA Enterprises Par. 1). The Shock season runs from May 12 2008 through September 14 2008 not including play offs. Throughout this time the Shock will perform in 35 games (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1). The NBA has an average of 17,000 people attend their games and the WNBA only bring in about 10,000. Another reason the pay could be so different is because on average the ticket price to go to an NBA game is $45 and to a WNBA it is only $15. The NBA tends to have more games and longer seasons but one day the WNBA may be equal to the NBA (Issaquah Par. 4). â€Å"Its official the WNBA established itself as a real, professional, respectable sport. We’ve still got a ways to go, but the league’s progress since the 1997 inaugural season has been nothing short of a remarkable† (Harris Par. 1). The WNBA has gained teams and publicity over the years (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1-10). With the league going in a positive direction the salaries are also increasing (WNBA Enterprises Par. 1-4). Even though the WNBA has only recently been established, the NBA receives more attention than the WNBA in several different ways. The WNBA will hopefully keep growing and become as established as the NBA someday. Works Cited â€Å"Atlanta Becomes 14th WNBA Franchise In League. † The Associated Press. 2007: 20 Feb. 2008 . Brown, Renee. â€Å"Hoops 101: Renee Brown. † WNBA Media Ventures. 2002: 19 Feb. 2008 Harris, Fran. â€Å"WNBA: The WNBA Is On Its Way. † Buzzle. com. 2008: 12 Feb. 2008 . Issaquah, Rebekah. â€Å"How Much Money Does the Average WNBA Player Make Per Year Compared to an NBA player? † Yahoo! Inc. 2004: 12 Feb. 2008 . â€Å"NBA Salaries. † InsideHoops. com. 2008: 14 March 2008 . Owens, Thomas S. Teamwork: The Houston Comets in Action. New York: Rosen, 1999. Owens, Thomas S. Teamwork: The Los Angeles Sparks in Action. New York: Rosen, 1999. â€Å"Pistons Schedule and Results. † NBA Media Ventures. 2008: 14 March 2008 . â€Å"Shock Schedule 2008. † WNBA Enterprises. 2008: 14 March 2008 . â€Å"WNBA’s 2008 Schedule: Season Tips Off May 17. † WNBA Enterprises. 2008: 22 Feb. 2008 . â€Å"WNBA Draft History. † Insid eHoops. com. 2008: 19 Feb. 2008 . â€Å"WNBA Players Plan Futures. † BlackAthlete Sports Network. 2005: 14 March 2008 . â€Å"WNBA Salaries. † InsideHoops. com. 2008: 14 March 2008 .

The Cenozoic Era Continues Today

The Cenozoic Era Continues Today Following the Precambrian Time, Paleozoic Era, and Mesozoic Era on the geologic time scale is the Cenozoic Era, which began 65 million years ago and continues to the present. After the Cretaceous-Tertiary, or,  K-T, Extinction at the end of the Cretaceous Period of the Mesozoic Era, which eliminated 80 percent of all  species  of  animals, the Earth found itself needing to rebuild. Now that all dinosaurs besides birds were extinct, mammals had the opportunity to flourish. Without competition for resources from dinosaurs, mammals had the opportunity to grow. The Cenozoic was the first era that saw humans evolve. Much of what is commonly thought of as evolution has happened in the Cenozoic Era. The Cenozoic Era Begins The first period of the Cenozoic Era called the Tertiary Period has been divided into the Paleogene and Neogene periods. Most of the Paleogene Period saw birds and small mammals become more diverse and grow greatly in numbers. Primates started to live in trees, and some mammals adapted to live part-time in the water. Marine animals didnt have such luck during this period when massive global changes resulted in many deep-sea animals going extinct. The climate had cooled significantly from tropical and humid during the Mesozoic Era, which changed the types of plants that did well on land. Lush, tropical plants were replaced by deciduous plants, including the first grass. The Neogene Period saw continuing cooling trends. The climate resembled what it is today and would be considered seasonal. Toward the end of the period, however, the Earth was plunged into an ice age. Sea levels fell, and the continents came to roughly the positions they hold today. Many ancient forests were replaced with expansive grasslands as the climate continued to dry out, leading to the rise of grazing animals such as horses, antelope, and bison. Mammals and birds continued to diversify and dominate. The Neogene Period is also considered the start of human evolution. During this time the first human-like ancestors, the hominids, appeared in Africa and moved into Europe and Asia. Humans Start to Dominate The final period in the Cenozoic Era, the current period, is the Quaternary Period. It began in an ice age where glaciers advanced and retreated over parts of the Earth that are now considered temperate climates, such as North America, Europe, Australia, and the southern part of South America. The Quaternary Period is marked by the rise of human dominance. Neanderthals came into existence and then went extinct. The modern human evolved and became the dominant species on Earth. Other mammals continued to diversify and branch off into various species. The same happened with marine species. There were a few extinctions over this period due to the changing climate, but plants adapted to the various climates that emerged after the glaciers retreated. Tropical areas never had glaciers, so lush, warm-weather plants thrived all during the Quaternary Period. Areas that became temperate had many grasses and deciduous plants, while slightly colder climates saw the re-emergence of conifers and small shrubs. No End in Sight for the Cenozoic Era The Quaternary Period and Cenozoic Era continue today and likely will remain until the next mass extinction event. Humans remain dominant, and new species are discovered daily. While in the early 21st-century climate is changing once again and some species are going extinct, no one knows when the Cenozoic Era will end.

SAT Historical Percentiles for 2006 and 2007

SAT Historical Percentiles for 2006 and 2007 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you took the SAT in 2006 or 2007, you may be wondering what your percentile score is on the SAT. Is a 1700 on the SAT in 2006 the same percentile score as a 1700 in 2007? Do percentile scores change over time? 2006 was a big year in SAT history; it was the first full year of the Writing section and the maximum score changed from a 1600 to a 2400.Next year, the SAT will be going back to the 1600 maximum score. In this article, I will explain SAT percentile scores, how they change, and I'll provide the percentile scores for SAT composite scores from 2006 and 2007. What Are Percentile Scores? Percentile scores reveal how well you did in relation to other people. If you scored in the 99th percentile, you did better than 99% of test-takers. If you got a 40th percentile score, you did better than 40% of the people who took the test. The College Board determines SAT percentile scores annually from the scores of college-bound high school seniors who took the SAT. The higher your percentile score, the better you did relative to other college-bound high school seniors from that year. Do Percentile Scores Change? Typically, percentile scores for equivalent SAT scores stay roughly the same from year to year.For example, a 2100 was the 97th percentile in 2007 and 2006.However, percentile scores can change very slightly.In 2007, a 1940 was the 91st percentile, but in 2006, it was the 90th percentile. Even if you're comparing percentile scores over a longer period of time, percentile scores will stay the same or only change minimally. In 2006, an 1800 was the 80th percentile, and in 2014, it was the 81st. The College Boardtries to use its scoring systemto ensure that equivalent SAT scores are indicative of the same skill level and percentile scores regardless of when the test was taken.An 1800 in 2006 should be equivalent to an 1800 in 2015. How Should You Use This Data? Why Is It Important? Your percentile score is the most straightforward way to determine if you got a good or badscore.If you did better than the majority of test-takers, then you did well. However, when you apply to a college, you’re being compared with the other applicants to that school. Most schools publicize their 25th and 75th percentile SAT scores. If you want to be competitive for admission, your target score should be the school’s 75th percentile score. Keep in mind that if you took the SAT in 2006 or 2007, for colleges, you may not need your SAT score, or you may have to take the SAT again since SAT score are usually only valid for 5 years. For every college you apply to, check the college’s admission requirements. You can usually find this information on its website. Also, percentile scores help put your scores in context. A small composite score increase can have a huge impact on your percentile score if you received a middle score.A 1500 is roughly the 50th percentile, but a 1750 is the 77th or 78th. Raising your score by 250 points can raise your score from average to among the top quarter of test takers. With enough studying and practice, you can raise your score from average to excellent. Composite Score Percentiles From 2007 and 2006 Score 2007 Percentile 2006 Percentile 2400 99+ 99+ 2390 99+ 99+ 2380 99+ 99+ 2370 99+ 99+ 2360 99+ 99+ 2350 99+ 99+ 2340 99+ 99+ 2330 99+ 99+ 2320 99+ 99+ 2310 99+ 99+ 2300 99+ 99+ 2290 99 99+ 2280 99 99+ 2270 99 99 2260 99 99 2250 99 99 2240 99 99 2230 99 99 2220 99 99 2210 99 99 2200 99 99 2190 98 98 2180 98 98 2170 98 98 2160 98 98 2150 98 98 2140 98 98 2130 97 97 2120 97 97 2110 97 97 2100 97 97 2090 96 96 2080 96 96 2070 96 96 2060 95 95 2050 95 95 2040 95 95 2030 94 94 2020 94 94 2010 94 94 2000 93 93 1990 93 93 1980 92 92 1970 92 92 1960 92 91 1950 91 91 1940 91 90 1930 90 90 1920 89 89 1910 89 89 1900 88 88 1890 88 87 1880 87 87 1870 86 86 1860 86 85 1850 85 85 1840 84 84 1830 84 83 1820 83 82 1810 82 82 1800 81 81 1790 80 80 1780 80 79 1770 79 78 1760 78 77 1750 77 76 1740 76 75 1730 75 75 1720 74 74 1710 73 73 1700 72 72 1690 71 71 1680 70 70 1670 69 68 1660 68 67 1650 67 66 1640 66 65 1630 65 64 1620 64 63 1610 63 62 1600 61 61 1590 60 59 1580 59 58 1570 58 57 1560 57 56 1550 56 54 1540 54 53 1530 53 52 1520 52 51 1510 51 49 1500 49 48 1490 48 47 1480 47 46 1470 46 44 1460 44 43 1450 43 42 1440 42 41 1430 41 39 1420 39 38 1410 38 37 1400 37 36 1390 36 35 1380 34 33 1370 33 32 1360 32 31 1350 31 30 1340 30 29 1330 28 28 1320 27 26 1310 26 25 1300 25 24 1290 24 23 1280 23 22 1270 22 21 1260 21 20 1250 20 19 1240 19 18 1230 18 18 1220 17 17 1210 16 16 1200 15 15 1190 15 14 1180 14 13 1170 13 13 1160 12 12 1150 12 11 1140 11 11 1130 10 10 1120 10 9 1110 9 9 1100 9 8 1090 8 8 1080 7 7 1070 7 7 1060 7 6 1050 6 6 1040 6 5 1030 5 5 1020 5 5 1010 5 4 1000 4 4 990 4 4 980 4 3 970 3 3 960 3 3 950 3 3 940 3 3 930 2 2 920 2 2 910 2 2 900 2 2 890 2 2 880 2 1 870 1 1 860 1 1 850 1 1 840 1 1 830 1 1 820 1 1 810 1 1 800 1 1 790 1 1 780 1- 1- 770 1- 1- 760 1- 1- 750 1- 1- 740 1- 1- 730 1- 1- 720 1- 1- 710 1- 1- 700 1- 1- 690 1- 1- 680 1- 1- 670 1- 1- 660 1- 1- 650 1- 1- 640 1- 1- 630 1- 1- 620 1- 1- 610 1- 1- 600 Gamerscore Blog/flickr Section Score Percentiles Unfortunately, I was unable to obtain percentile scores for each individual section for 2006 and 2007. However, because there are only very minimal changes to percentile scores from year to year, here are the section score percentiles from 2009 for your reference. Score Critical Reading Math Writing 800 99 99 99+ 790 99 99 99+ 780 99 99 99 770 99 98 99 760 99 98 99 750 98 97 99 740 98 97 98 730 97 96 98 720 97 95 97 710 96 94 96 700 95 94 96 690 94 92 95 680 93 91 94 670 92 89 93 660 91 88 92 650 89 85 90 640 88 83 89 630 85 81 87 620 84 79 85 610 82 77 84 600 79 74 81 590 77 72 79 580 75 69 77 570 72 67 74 560 69 63 72 550 66 61 69 540 63 58 66 530 60 55 63 520 56 51 59 510 53 48 56 500 49 45 52 490 46 41 49 480 42 38 46 470 39 35 42 460 36 31 39 450 32 28 35 440 28 26 32 430 26 23 29 420 22 20 25 410 20 17 22 400 17 15 19 390 15 13 17 380 13 11 14 370 11 9 12 360 9 8 10 350 8 6 8 340 6 6 7 330 5 5 5 320 4 4 4 310 4 3 4 300 3 2 3 290 2 2 2 280 2 2 2 270 2 1 1 260 1 1 1 250 1 1 1 2401 1 1 1 230 1 1- 1 220 1 1- 1- 210 1 1- 1- 200 What's Next? If you're interested in comparing percentile scores from more recent years, check out the SAT historical percentiles from 2011-2014. Also, make sure you understand your SAT scores, and learn what SAT scores measure. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Speech Acts in Bilinguals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Speech Acts in Bilinguals - Essay Example According to Levinson, pragmatics is a lot more than mere acquisitions of languages, as it involves the fields which are chiefly concerned with resolving problems in communication, for the reason that the implementation of pragmatics are possible to be of straight sensible significance (Levinson, 1983). As a point in fact, this dissertation is all about pragmatics, speech acts, bilingualism, and acquisitions. Moreover, it efficaciously delineates the profound association between language, culture and society with suitable examples. As suggested by Liu, Pragmatics is a sub-field of linguistics which was developed in the concluding 1970s that analyzes the way individuals and groups comprehend and generate an outgoing or speech act in an efficaciously real speech circumstance which is usually construed as a conversation (Liu, 2007). The study of pragmatics skillfully differentiates between dual intentions or interpretations occurring in each speech or communicative act of the oral communication. As per the views of Leech, whereas, one of the acts may be considered as the educational intention or the statement interpretation, the other is interactive intention or orator interpretation (Leech, 1983). Moreover, Kasper has efficiently pointed out that the competence to understand and generate an interactive act is often referred to as pragmatic competence, as it includes one's know-how regarding the communal coldness and position between the orators that are involved in it, along with the cultural know-how and lingui stic information, both clear and implied (Kasper, 1997). According to Paradis, language analysts conventionally apprehend themselves with the system of language which is often construed as implied linguistic ability, or grammar, that is characteristically ensuing to lacerations in the perisylvian conventional dialect fields of the left cerebral hemisphere (Paradis, 2004). Various studies associated with interpersonal communication have frequently misconceptions as their essential grouping as cross-societal communication is merely as often featured by the accomplishment, and directs to reasonable comprehension as intra-cultural interaction. Whilst, the exploitation of an ordinary language fails to assure reciprocated comprehension, the non-attendance of an ordinary dialect essentially fails to secure it. The effectual understanding with no common language is a recurring subject matter in modern advertising as well. The doctrines of pragmatics that people put up in a particular language are often dissimilar in another. As a point in fact, th ere exists an increasing curiousness in the way people in different dialects construe to a particular pragmatic doctrine (Liu, 2007). As reported by various analyses regarding cross-linguistics as well as cross-cultures, the graciousness in one language does not

Economic environment effect on Build-a-Bear Essay

Economic environment effect on Build-a-Bear - Essay Example When consumers’ income decrease, then it is expected that their purchasing power will fall thus impacting on the brand negatively. For example, after the financial crisis of 2007/2007, consumers’ income fell remarkably in the United States as a result of closure of companies, laying down of workers and reduction of salaries of wages (Nanto Dick). As a result consumers were unable to spend money buying items in the manner they did before the financial crisis. This is what resulted in the decline in sales of the Build-a- bear company thus negatively affecting its brand. According to the company’s press release the company increased its sales remarkably in the first quarter of 2013 (yahoo finance). Other external factors that affected the company’s brand are savings, debts, employment and credit. All these factors were also greatly influenced by the financial crisis of 2007/2008 thus negatively affecting the company’s brand. This is due to the fact thi s industry dependent highly on consumers’ disposable income (Accuval). How Recent Stock Market Movements have Affected the Company Despite the economic crisis of 2007/2008, the United States of America economy has been recovering gradually. This has been as a result of the austerity and stimulus policies that have been adopted by the United States of America government (Weaver, 189). ... At the same time the company’s sales increased by1.4 dollars more than the previous quarter. This is a remarkable improvement considering the company was performing poorly after the financial crisis of 2007/2008. This is because consumers in the united Sates of America opted for imported toys and other commodities in the industry from countries such as china since they were at a cheaper price. Thus it can be concluded that the recent stock market movements have favored the company. Actions Has the Company been Taking in Response to these Developments and Trends In order to cope with the developments and trends in the economy, the company came up with a number of strategies. Firstly, the company introduced a store design that is new where the company introduced 11 stores which were newly imagined. These stores increased sales to 20 percent in the second quarter. The company expects that by 2013 it will have established the new store design in at least 30 locations and 25 more i n 2014. The company decided to reduce on operational costs by closing up 38 stores in 2012 and transferring the sales of these stores to other stores in the market. The company also remodeled it stores in order to save on cost by reducing the square footage occupied by the stores. It also moved to smaller premises in small malls. Build-a Bear also changed its approach to marketing and advertising in order to increase shopping frequency. The company did this by building their brand through television advertising in its markets in the United States of America 2012 mid October. It also rebalanced its marketing mix in Europe in order to retain existing customers and attract more consumers to their products. This has resulted in the company realizing

Ibelemas Identity Crisis and Wilsons Oppositional Dress :: Identity Oppositional

Ibelema's Identity Crisis and Wilson's Oppositional Dress In Minabrere Ibelema's essay "Identity Crisis", Ibelema suggests that the mainstream american culture is so powerful that all cultures conform to it. Ibelema does this by showing how the mass media portrays African Americans in relation to their cultural identity by using situation comedies as a measuring tool. Of the episodes Ibelema uses very few of them look at African Americans cultural identity. However, what they do is briefly address a cultural story line for one episode, but then revert back to the mainstream anglo programming. On the otherhand, Elizabeth Wilson says in her essay "Oppositional Dress" that sub cultures do exist in society and are strong enough to resist assimilation into the mainstream, and still exist on their own terms. Wilson proves her point by giving examples of sub cultures that appeared in society, and she shows that they still thrive today.On example Wilson uses is the hippie culture that evolved in the 1960's. She points out that hippies can be seen t oday in some areas of the United states, proving her point. She also mentions other movements like the Gay Liberation Movement, the Punk movement, and the Skin Heads, who can all be seen in some form today. In mainstream american culture some individual sub cultures do get lost in the mainstream, but are not forgotten, however most oppositional cultures resist assimilation into the main steam and continue to define themselves on their own terms. In Ibelema's essay, he says that the mainstream culture is so strong that individual cultures assimilate into it. This proposition is not completely correct. The examples Ibelema uses are derived from situation comedies that are directed at a cross cultural mainstream audience. His point is that the African American culture is nonexistent, or assimilated because African American cultural values are not expressed fully in these sitcoms, thus they are a part of the assimilation process. Because these sitcoms are directed at a cross cultural audience the assumption Ibelema uses is false. The African American culture is not lost in america, its existence is found in the homes of African Americans throughout america and is passed on through mothers and fathers, and grand mothers and grand fathers. An opposing view to this argument is Elizabeth Wilson's essay "Oppositional Dress". Her belief is that sub cultures exist in the mainstream society, and they dictate their own existence.

Disadvantages and Advantages of Computer

With computer and internet connection, you can have easy access to information. Computers can be use for multiple purposes, word processing, gaming, movies, internet browsing, programming, reading articles, email, faxing, video chat, online chat and more. Organize large and store large amount of data and information such as images, sound, videos and other files. It helps people to communicate with other computer owners, family and friends across the world through the internet. There are free calls from different countries and making the world smaller. Computers run 24 hours 7 days a week. Reduce the use of paper. Computer has more computing and calculating power than human. Computers are more accurate and consistence. Accountant work has become much easier because of the help of computers. Enable you to shop online anywhere and purchase items without commuting. Helps create automatic tasks that human do not want to do. Computer Disadvantage Less human interactions, computer may ruin your social life if you cannot maintain the balance. People who work from home on their computers are likely to feel cut off from the rest of the world. Have to constantly keep up to date with new technology and have to spend time to learn different functions in applications. May caused eyestrains because of the bright screen and radiation. Computer may decrease your physical activities, making someone unhealthy, may caused chronic injury syndrome with pain in the fingers of the hand/radiating pain in the forearm and arm. Shoulder pain – fibromyalgia in shoulder muscles, elbow pain – tennis elbow, golfers elbow, wrist pain – deQuervains disease, ulnar styloiditis. Finger joint pains – usually linked to tenosynovitis, trigger fingers. May cause bad posture and skeletal problems. Children have easy access to pornographic material with internet connection. Children are also easy target for sexual offenders who pretend to chat and pretend to be their friends. Email spam, lead to fraud, hacking, stolen identities, and viruses. People have lost jobs because computers are more efficient than human. Risk of addiction to online gaming and online gambling.

Shield Was Regarded As A Good King - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 872 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Beowulf Essay Did you like this example? 1. Shield was regarded as a good king. Still thriving as a King when he came to pass. Shield fathered a famous son, Beow. Beow took throne following the death of Shield and is called as the gift of God. Hrothgar was a talented war leader, fortune was on his side and with that followed more recruits to enable a larger more powerful army. It was under his control that the mead hall, named Heorot, was created, meant to be a wonder of the world forever. Hrothgar also seems to be a gift from God. Grendel the demon is obviously portrayed as evil, evidently the name demon shows that, but in addition, his name is not revealed immediately like the characters before him, so the author is trying to build a sense of suspense letting his other adjectives to describe him before saying his name. The creation and use of Heorot is what seemed to have driven Grendel to madness or anger. There is foreshadowing used following the creation of Heorot, it is said that it is awaiting a barbarous burning. Everything that Grendel does, the author writes with a negative connotation, using words like creating havoc, merciless, gruesome and never showing remorse. Beowulf is shown as this epic mercenary and seen as a class higher than everyone else, due to the weaponry, bravery and courage that Beowulf had. Unferth seemed to be the only person who doubted Beowulf, bringing up a story from the past about a swimming match in which Beowulf lost. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Shield Was Regarded As A Good King" essay for you Create order He is the skeptical person that did not believe Beowulf could last a night with Grendel, as no one else was able in the past. Which is odd because it is stated that Beowulf swam with both a sword and chain mail armor on, killing nine creatures, making it that much more difficult and, he swam for five nights. Wealhtheow is the Queen and she is shown to be generous, giving the homeland guardian a cup to drink because he was dear to her. Naturally she was adored in her gold and continued to offer drinks to various people of various ranks. 2. The text does not necessarily define good versus bad however it does give off certain connotations to each character that leads the reader to thinking whether or not they are in fact good or bad. Grendel and Beowulf both begin their entrance to the story without actually having their name mentioned until the reader understands their position, be it gruesome or heroic. Some of the features of a good king is that they were sent by God, all of the good kings reigned for a longer period of time and were a gift to their people. As far as the warriors hallmarks, Beowulf is evidently a strong warrior and is portrayed as that, without doubt, from his chain armor to his shining sword and bravery. With that information, and with the information that Beowulf gathered other warriors, it can be gathered that they as well are strong, otherwise why would Beowulf pick them to take on this journey of fighting a monster that several other men could not even fend off for a single night. 3. The Christian assertions are evident throughout the text, from one person saying may God be with them to Kings being literal gifts from God. This is a very explicit showing of the faith in God from man, by everyone. In addition, it is said that before Beowulf came, the Danish people hoped for anything to help them rid of Grendel, including the Devil, stating that they vowed offerings to idols and swore oaths that the killer of souls, or the Devil, come and save them. When Beowulf goes to fight with Grendel, he says that no matter the outcome of the fight, him or Grendel being victorious, the Lord will grant the glory to the winner, whoever the Lord sees fit. 4. From the first telling of Grendel, his name is withheld from the reader and is only told of the fearsome, prowling demon that come to them and gruesomely murder them come the night time when Grendel does in fact have power because when sunrise comes, his powers are plain. Grendel is never referred to as a good creature, though divine perhaps in the sense that he himself has God given powers that no one other than Beowulf possesses. It is said that Grendel is a descendent of Cain, though not specifically his father however, the curse and banishment from God could still be flowing through the family line as the curse could be more severe due to it being the first murder, Cain killing his brother Abel. Grendels Mother not being named is an interesting note and could be perceived as a flair from the author because Grendel was slain and his Mother wanted revenge; however, had she been named, there is potential that she would purely be viewed as another monster, similar to Grendel rather than a Mother going to great lengths to attack Heorot out of spite for the murder of Grendel. She only needs to be known as the Mother and without identity because the reader only needs to think that the Mother has justification for attacking Heorot.